Research profiles

Hui, an official nationality of China, composed of nearly 10 million people. The Hui are Chinese Muslims (i.e., neither Turkic nor Mongolian) who have intermingled with the Han Chinese throughout China but are relatively concentrated in western China—in the provinces or autonomous regions of

Despite the relative freedom from Chinese government restrictions Hui Muslims experienced in recent history, official Chinese government rhetoric and policy has become less tolerant toward practice and expression of Islamic identity among Hui Muslim individuals and communities. The restrictions on Islam among Hui Muslim individuals and communities are increasingly similar to restrictions experienced by Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR). In addition to being detained along with Uyghurs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and others in the XUAR’s mass internment camps, Hui Muslims are subject to what some have called the “Xinjiang Model” of intrusive and repressive religious policies. This policy shift is due in part to Chinese officials’ conflation of Islamic identity and extremism and the Chinese government’s campaign to “sinicize” Islam.

The Hui people are an ethnic and religious minority in China, primarily known for their adherence to Islam, which sets them apart from other ethnic groups in the country. With an estimated population of around 11 million, the Hui are predominantly concentrated in the Ningxia Autonomous Region but can be found in various provinces across China. Their origins trace back to ancient Islamic traders from Arabia and Persia, who began arriving in China around the seventh century, intermarrying with local populations and establishing a unique culture that blends Islamic traditions with Chinese influences. Despite centuries of assimilation with other ethnic groups, the Hui have maintained their distinct religious practices and cultural identity. The Hui are China’s largest Muslim group, representing a significant portion of the country's Muslim population. They have adopted the Chinese language, primarily Mandarin, while also retaining elements of their historical linguistic heritage. Social dynamics among the Hui vary by region, with urban communities often embracing modern Chinese lifestyles, while rural areas may still adhere to more traditional practices. Education is highly valued in Hui culture, with children receiving a mix of public and religious education. The assimilation process continues today, as many Hui individuals navigate between their Islamic roots and mainstream Chinese culture, leading to a diverse range of practices and beliefs within the community. As some Hui reconnect with their Islamic heritage, opportunities for cultural exchange and understanding are emerging, alongside challenges related to their religious identity.

Joshua Project profile for the Hui in China

ethnoreligious islamic group of China

The Hui of China are an Indigenous, Engaged yet Unreached of 11510000 people with Less than 0.1% Evangelical believers. They […]